After much deliberation and careful thought Neptune Mutual decided to close the cover marketplaces.
After much deliberation and careful thought Neptune Mutual decided to close the cover marketplaces. Below the reasons for the decision as well as what it means for the community.
The marketplaces will be closed using an emergency withdrawal process whereby the liquidity provided to cover pools by LPs will be returned to the wallet addresses from which the liquidity was supplied. In addition to protecting cover pool LPs, there will also be refunds to all cover policy purchasers with an existing and valid policy who have paid over 10 USD in policy fees in one transaction.
For veNPM holders, please fill out this form to receive a refund for your veNPM to NPM conversion penalty.
From the end of June there will no longer be NPM emission incentives for LPs i.e. Epoch 3 of the liquidity gauge emissions will be canceled.
Unused funds raised from financial backers will be returned to those backers; this includes DEX liquidity that has now been removed from SushiSwap and Uniswap. A small amount of liquidity on SushiSwap Arbitrum has been left to enable a minimum amount of NPM trading.
The protocol will be open sourced, and become a true public good. Enabling the community to fork the code developed by the Neptune Mutual team such that others might use the existing resources to further our mission to make the blockchain space better protected against smart contracts and other risks.
There are numerous factors that have led to this difficult decision, some of which are external factors which are uncontrollable or unforeseeable. A few factors summarized below:
“Given Neptune Mutual’s Tier 1 backers, why have you not listed on a top CEX?”
This is perhaps one of the most frequently asked questions. In short, the answer is that for a variety of reasons Neptune Mutual was not able to achieve the diverse set of performance metrics (community size and engagement, marketplace user activity, DEX 24 hour trading volume, TVL growth etc.) required to list on top tier CEX. The CEXs that are prepared to list NPM token do not have the depth of liquidity or breadth of user-base to offer good prospects for NPM tokenholders.
“Why has Neptune Mutual not achieved strong growth?”
It is tempting to take a shortcut to answer this question by pointing a finger at one specific factor, but the reality is that there are many contributing factors. A few summarized below:
Since the outset of engaging with the community we have endeavored to highlight the need for DeFiInsurance; Neptune Mutual built a comprehensive dataset of on-chain hacks available, anywhere, and each week we highlight the many millions of dollars that are stolen as a result of smart contract hacks. Despite this, we have consistently been confronted by projects unwilling to spin up cover pools in our marketplace because of the sentiment that audits of their code are sufficient to persuade their community that their protocol is safe. Less than 0.3% of all digital assets are protected with some form of DeFiInsurance, and yet despite all the media reports of hacks, the conference discussions about the importance of governance or CEX proof-of-reserves, it continues to be the case that it is extremely difficult to get media attention to focus on the need for a fast and efficient means of mitigating smart contract risk.
A variety of approaches have been taken by different DeFiInsurance protocols to address this, from attending multiple conferences throughout the year and significant marketing spend, to the leaner approach that Neptune Mutual took (in part as a result of the bear market in 2023). What can be said is that no DeFiInsurance protocol has managed to achieve significant growth over the last 18 months, sadly the overall TVL of the sector has shrunk a lot.
For all the reasons above, at this moment the best course of action is no longer to double-down on investing in growth, but rather to refund unused capital and close the marketplaces.
The consequences are very tough for the Neptune Mutual team who have spent the past 3 years of their time on the mission to facilitate safer environments within DeFi. The team has delivered products according to the roadmap and the fact that the protocol was never hacked, despite attempts being made on the darkweb, is testament to the expertise, passion and absolute focus on security. The team survived the FTX and UST crisis unscathed, and believed that the continued growth in hacks would lead to growth in the demand for a good solution to mitigate these risks, but sadly, as can be seen right across the DeFiInsurance category, this is not yet in sight. So we would like to thank the team for all the dedication, skill and passion invested into the Neptune Mutual project since the outset.
The team will open source the protocol, including blockchain indexing protocol (subgraph alternative), frontend, middleware, database, and backend code, to make it a true public good. This will allow anyone to fork the code and create covers by defining parameters and premium ranges, potentially leading to innovative covers and organic usage.
The Discord channel will be closed to reduce the risk of phishing and other types of cyber attack, any questions / queries will be responded to in the Telegram channel.
We want to take this final opportunity to thank you all for your support.
Neptune Mutual will contact only its financial backers, with whom a signed agreement exists, in relation to next steps (i.e. holding NPM tokens does not qualify you for any form of refund). Contact will be made only from a neptunemutual.com domain email address so please check the source of any email you may receive very carefully. Please ignore any messages from any other email or social media accounts in relation to token/cash refunds.
On January 17, 2023, the OMNI Real Estate project (ORT Token) on the BNB chain was attacked owing to a smart contract vulnerability, after which the hacker gained 236 BNB worth approximately $70,705.
The reward is calculated by the contract using _Check_reward function, which has two parameters: durations, and balance.
Step 2:
The durations parameter is used to specify the time frame for a user stake period. When the durations value is 0, this method returns total_percent, a global variable, instead of performing the correct calculation.
Step 3:
When the attacker called the invest function of the contract, the end_date value was set to 0, which effectively passed the contract’s verification. The durations parameter in the _Check_reward function takes value from this end_date parameter.
The attacker invested 1 Wei and then invoked the withdrawAndClaim function to withdraw ORT token rewards. These operations were repeated to earn profit.
Step 6:
The funding for the attack came from FixedFloat. The attacker later swapped the ORT tokens to BNB.
The attack's origin lay in a vulnerability residing within the StakingPool Contract, where inadequate parameter validation left a door open for exploitation. The _Check_reward function, responsible for calculating rewards, exhibited susceptibility when a particular parameter, durations, was set to 0. This deviation from the correct calculation allowed the attacker to circumvent the system's safeguards.
The hacker orchestrated a sequence of actions to exploit the vulnerability. By manipulating the duration parameter through cleverly timed invocations of the invest and withdrawAndClaim functions, the exploiter managed to amass rewards and extract profits through repetitive operations. The funding for this attack reportedly originated from FixedFloat, lending further complexity to the incident.
Curiously, the team behind the OMNI Real Estate project remained conspicuously silent in the aftermath of the attack, neglecting to acknowledge the occurrence of the breach. Unfortunately, this lack of response added to the uncertainty and highlighted the challenges users face when engaging with projects lacking transparency and accountability. The preventive measures, however, are apparent. Implementing robust parameter validation mechanisms would have greatly mitigated the vulnerability, acting as a first line of defense against such attacks. By fortifying their smart contracts with thorough input validation, projects can ward off unauthorized access and manipulation.
Neptune Mutual, a beacon of security within the DeFi realm, offers a powerful solution to counteract the aftermath of such attacks. While we might not be able to forestall the occurrence of every hack, our dedicated cover pool in the Neptune Mutual marketplace could significantly alleviate the impact. Our parametric policies ensure that users who find themselves victims of smart contract vulnerabilities can claim payouts without exhaustive loss evidence once incidents are resolved through our governance system.
Furthermore, Neptune Mutual's comprehensive security evaluation ensures that platforms are fortified against potential threats. Collaborating with multiple partners for security audits guarantees a more thorough review of vulnerabilities, enhanced user asset protection, and a deeper understanding of a protocol's security posture.
